n.艰苦，贫困

n.(名词)

困苦，艰苦，艰难，辛酸，苦难，困难，艰辛，痛苦，贫苦
压制
虐待
刺激
拮据
受苦，吃苦
艰难情况

hardship艰难，困苦
hard,艰难的，-ship,抽象名词后缀。

Enduring long Hardship → 煎熬
exceptional hardship → 严重困难；极度困苦；异常的困苦；极度困苦的情况
Extreme Hardship → 极端困难；极大困境；极端的困难；极度困难
Complain of hardship → 叫苦
Undue Hardship → 过度的困苦；不应有的困难
economic hardship → 经济困难
household in hardship → 困难户
Not afraid of hardship → 不怕苦；不怕吃苦；不害怕吃苦

1. Many people are suffering economic hardship.
[汉]很多人正处于经济困难之中。
——来自柯林斯例句
2. Housing benefit provides a cushion against hardship.
[汉]住房福利可以减轻人们生活的艰辛。
——来自柯林斯例句
3. Hardship and penury wore him out before his time.
[汉]受穷受苦使他未老先衰.
——来自《简明英汉词典》
4. He was willing to face any hardship in fulfillment of his duty.
[汉]他愿意面对任何困难去履行他的职责.
——来自《简明英汉词典》
5. The tax increases will, in the aggregate, cause much hardship.
[汉]增加税收归结起来造成很多困难.
——来自《简明英汉词典》

【Noun】

1. a state of misfortune or affliction;
"debt-ridden farmers struggling with adversity"
"a life of hardship"
2. something hard to endure;
"the asperity of northern winters"
3. something that causes or entails suffering;
"I cannot think it a hardship that more indulgence is allowed to men than to women"- James Boswell
"the many hardships of frontier life"